| Property | Specification |
| Appearance | Oval to spherical shape, smooth surface |
| Color | Typically yellow; can also be black, brown, or green |
| Size (Diameter) | 5 – 11 mm |
| 1000-Kernel Weight | 120 – 220 grams |
| Bulk Density | 0.68 – 0.78 g/cm³ |
| True Density | 1.1 – 1.3 g/cm³ |
| Moisture Content | 10% – 14% (varies with storage and harvest conditions) |
| Hardness | Moderately hard; resistance to crushing |
| Oil Content | 18% – 20% |
| Protein Content | 36% – 40% |
| Surface Texture | Smooth to slightly rough |
| Shape Index (Roundness) | 0.7 – 0.9 (approximately spherical) |
| Thermal Sensitivity | Sensitive to high heat; affects oil and protein quality |